Promoter name |
Description/Loci(plasmid names) |
Size |
Target cell type |
notes |
references |
CMV | Cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter(pTR-UF5) |
~600bps |
most cell types | Can undergo silencing in-vivo | Zolotukhin et al. 1996; Zolotukhin et a. 1999 |
CBAaka: CB, CAG | Hybrid CMV/Chicken beta actin promoter(pTR-UF11, pTR-UF-SB) |
1720bps |
most cell types | Contains 381bps version of CMV i.e. enhancer | Acland et al. 2001; Cideciyan et al. 2008 |
smCBAaka: small CBA | Truncated CBA promoter |
953bps |
most cell types | Chimeric Intron collapsed.Used for ScAAV | Pang et al. 2008; |
MOPS aka: mOP, mRHO, MOPS500 | Proximal murine rhodopsin promoter |
~500bps |
Photoreceptors, primarily rods | Flannery et al. 1997; | |
GRK1aka: hGRK, hRK, RK1 | Human rhodopsin kinase 1 promoter |
292bps |
Photoreceptor, rods and cones (mouse and primate) | Does not transduce cones in dog | Khani et al. 2007; Boye et al. 2010; Boye et al. 2012 |
IRBPaka: hIRBP241 | Human inter-photoreceptor retinoid binding protein/Retinol-binding protein 3 |
241bps |
Photoreceptors, rods and cones (mouse and dog) | Beltran et al. 2012 | |
PR2.1aka: CHOPS2053 | Human red opsin promoter |
~2100bps |
L and M cones | Alexander et al. 2007; Mancuso et al. 2009; Komaromy et al. 2010 | |
IRBP/GNAT2 | hIRBP enhancer fused to cone transducin alpha promoter |
524bps |
L/M and S cones | Efficiently transduces all classes of cones | |
VMD2Aka: BEST1 | Human vitelliform macular dystrophy/Bestrophin 1 promoter |
625bps |
RPE | Highly selective for RPE | Deng et al. 2012 |
VEcadaka: VEcadherin | VE-cadherin/Cadherin 5 (CDH5)/CD144 promoter |
2530bps |
Vascular endothelial cells | Cai et al. 2011; Qi et al. 2012 |