Promoters available

Promoter name

Description/Loci

(plasmid names)

Size

Target cell type

notes

references

CMV Cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter(pTR-UF5)

~600bps

most cell types Can undergo silencing in-vivo Zolotukhin et al. 1996; Zolotukhin et a. 1999
CBAaka: CB, CAG Hybrid CMV/Chicken beta actin promoter(pTR-UF11, pTR-UF-SB)

1720bps

most cell types Contains 381bps version of CMV i.e. enhancer Acland et al. 2001; Cideciyan et al. 2008
smCBAaka: small CBA Truncated CBA promoter

953bps

most cell types Chimeric Intron collapsed.Used for ScAAV Pang et al. 2008;
MOPS aka: mOP, mRHO, MOPS500 Proximal murine rhodopsin promoter

~500bps

Photoreceptors, primarily rods Flannery et al. 1997;
GRK1aka: hGRK, hRK, RK1 Human rhodopsin kinase 1 promoter

292bps

Photoreceptor, rods and cones (mouse and primate) Does not transduce cones in dog Khani et al. 2007; Boye et al. 2010; Boye et al. 2012
IRBPaka: hIRBP241 Human inter-photoreceptor retinoid binding protein/Retinol-binding protein 3

241bps

Photoreceptors, rods and cones (mouse and dog) Beltran et al. 2012
PR2.1aka: CHOPS2053 Human red opsin promoter

~2100bps

L and M cones Alexander et al. 2007; Mancuso et al. 2009; Komaromy et al. 2010
IRBP/GNAT2 hIRBP enhancer fused to cone transducin alpha promoter

524bps

L/M and S cones Efficiently transduces all classes of cones
VMD2Aka: BEST1 Human vitelliform macular dystrophy/Bestrophin 1 promoter

625bps

RPE Highly selective for RPE Deng et al. 2012
VEcadaka: VEcadherin VE-cadherin/Cadherin 5 (CDH5)/CD144 promoter

2530bps

Vascular endothelial cells Cai et al. 2011; Qi et al. 2012